Steelband 1990 - 1999During the 1990s, three steelbands received the Trinidad & Tobago Chaconia Medal Gold for their cultural contributions: Desperadoes (1992); Renegades (1992); and Invaders (1996). Internationally, the contributions of Elliott Mannette, the accomplished pan tuner, were recognized in 1992 when he became an Artist in Residence at West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA, where he continued to teach music students how to play and tune pans through the turn of the century. In 1999, Mannette received an US Endowment of the Arts Award from President Bill Clinton for his work in the furtherance of indigenous culture. In addition to the arrangers listed below, other panmen who made significant contributions to the furtherance of steelband music in this decade were ambassadors Earl Brooks, Othello Molineaux, and Rudy Smith. Renegades dominated Panorama in this decade with five wins. The only other steelband to win more than once was Desperadoes with three wins. Three Panorama winners played compositions by non-calypsonians as the challenge to calypsoes increased during this decade.
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